how to calculate Pp & Ppk Archives

How to calculate process performance (Pp & Ppk)?

28/02/2024 by TECHIEQUALITY

How to calculate process performance (Pp & Ppk)?

Hi Readers! Today we will discuss on How to calculate process performance? The Pp (Process Performance) provides a measure of how well the process will satisfy the variability requirements. The Index of process performance is termed as Ppk. It takes the process location as well as the performance into account. Before discussing on calculation part, I would request my all readers kindly go through the formula of Pp and Ppk. And if you are interested in downloading our free Excel template then click on the below download link.

DOWNLOAD Excel Template/Format of Pp & Ppk calculation with Example.

How to use Pp & Ppk Template / Format in your process to calculate the index value? Step-1: Download the Template/ Format from the above links. Step-2: Read the note mentioned in the excel template. Step-3: Only the yellow color box (mentioned in format) is changeable and other values will calculate automatically.

The formula of Pp (Process Performance):

Pp = ((USL-LSL)/ (6 X S))

[Where USL=Upper specification limit, LSL=Lower specification limit, and S= Standard Deviation]

Formula of Ppk (Process Performance Index):

Ppk = Minimum of PPU or PPL

PPU= ((USL-Average of average)/ (3 X S))

PPL= ((Average of average-LSL)/ (3 X S))

Note: Pp ≥ Ppk.

Example:

A Company ZYX Ltd has collected 100 numbers readings of Pouring temperature having the specification range from 1420°C to 1400°C and calculates the process performance and its index to know the performance of a process, which means how well it satisfies the variability requirement. So we have the 100 numbers of reading and we will calculate the Pp & Ppk value;

Sl. No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
SG1	1409	1410	1412	1410	1408	1414	1413	1411
SG2	1408	1410	1412	1410	1408	1414	1413	1411
SG3	1408	1409	1411	1410	1405	1413	1411	1410
SG4	1406	1409	1410	1409	1405	1413	1411	1410
SG5	1406	1408	1410	1409	1404	1412	1411	1410

Table-1

Note: SG=Subgroup

9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
1413	1408	1413	1412	1410	1409	1412	1408
1413	1408	1413	1412	1410	1408	1412	1408
1411	1405	1411	1410	1410	1408	1411	1405
1411	1405	1411	1410	1409	1406	1410	1405
1410	1404	1411	1410	1409	1406	1410	1404

Table-1

17	18	19	20
1412	1408	1410	1408
1412	1408	1410	1408
1411	1405	1410	1405
1410	1405	1409	1405
1410	1404	1409	1404

Table-1

Calculation:

Pp=20/ (6 X 2.69) =1.24

PPU= (1420-1409.04)/ (3 X 2.69) =1.36

PPL= (1409.04-1400)/ (3 X 2.69) =1.12

Ppk=1.12 (Minimum of PPU or PPL).

Sample Format:

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Shanti Gopal Pradhan is an experienced professional in Quality Management Systems, QA, Operations, Business Excellence, and Process Improvement. He has strong expertise in international standards including IATF 16949, ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 45001, and ISO 17025, along with methodologies such as TQM, TPM, and Six Sigma.

He holds a degree in Mechanical Engineering along with an MBA, combining strong technical acumen with strategic business insight, he is a Certified Internal Auditor, Lead Auditor, and Six Sigma Black Belt, with a proven track record in driving quality transformation and operational excellence.

How to measure process performance (Pp & Ppk)?

24/02/2024 by TECHIEQUALITY

How to measure process performance (Pp & Ppk)?

Hello Readers, Today we will learn “how to measure process performance?” Process Performance and its index can be measured by calculating the value manually or by using an Excel sheet or by using the software. In this post, we will calculate the Pp and Ppk value, but you can download the free Excel template or format for your ready reference, this offer is available for a limited time period! Don’t waste your time; just download the Format or Template from the below link.

DOWNLOAD the Excel Template/Format of Pp & Ppk.

How to use Pp & Ppk Template / Format in your process to calculate the index value?
Step-1: Download the Template/ Format from the above links. Step-2: Read the note mentioned in excel template. Step-3: Only the yellow color box (mentioned in Template) is changeable and other values will calculate automatically.

How to measure process performance (Pp & Ppk)?

As you know we have already told you that process performance and its index can be easily measured through an Excel sheet or by using the software. For manual calculation, we have to give more attention in basic knowledge and formula part. So, Pp and Ppk formula is given below, kindly go through it.

Formula of Pp (Process Performance):

Pp = ((USL-LSL)/ (6 X S))

[Where USL=Upper specification limit, LSL=Lower specification limit and S= Standard Deviation]

The formula of Ppk (Process Performance Index):

Ppk = Minimum of PPU or PPL

PPU= ((USL-Average of average)/ (3 X S))

PPL= ((Average of average-LSL)/ (3 X S))

Note: Pp ≥ Ppk.

Example:

A process engineer has collected 100 numbers of readings of molten grey cast iron carbon percentage.

Details of readings are given below:

Sl.No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Subgroup1	3.22	3.28	3.21	3.23	3.27	3.24	3.24	3.22	3.24	3.28
Subgroup2	3.21	3.29	3.26	3.23	3.28	3.21	3.26	3.21	3.26	3.29
Subgroup3	3.25	3.23	3.24	3.21	3.29	3.25	3.24	3.23	3.25	3.27
Subgroup4	3.20	3.20	3.25	3.25	3.25	3.26	3.26	3.22	3.26	3.27
Subgroup5	3.21	3.25	3.26	3.28	3.24	3.21	3.28	3.21	3.25	3.28

Data Table-1

11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
3.26	3.31	3.28	3.24	3.27	3.21	3.28	3.24	3.27	3.21
3.25	3.20	3.29	3.21	3.28	3.26	3.29	3.21	3.28	3.26
3.24	3.26	3.27	3.25	3.29	3.24	3.23	3.25	3.29	3.24
3.26	3.22	3.27	3.26	3.25	3.25	3.20	3.26	3.25	3.25
3.24	3.22	3.28	3.21	3.24	3.26	3.25	3.21	3.24	3.26

Data Table-1

Calculation:

Characteristics	%C
Process:	Melting Process
USL	3.3
LSL	3.2
Std. Dev.	0.03
PPU	0.65
PPL	0.61
Pp	0.63
Ppk	0.61

How to calculate process performance (Pp & Ppk)?

Process Performance (Pp) & Ppk Excel Template |DOWNLOAD

Process Capability Template

Process Performance (Pp) & Ppk Excel Template |DOWNLOAD

16/11/202423/02/2024 by TECHIEQUALITY

Process Performance Excel Template (Pp & Ppk Format) | DOWNLOAD

Process Performance Excel Template: According to the SPC (Statistical Process Control Manual), the process Performance (Pp) compares the process performance of the process to the maximum allowable variation as indicated by the tolerance. The Pp (Process Performance) provides a measure of how well the process will satisfy the variability requirements. And the Index of process performance is termed as Ppk. It takes the process location as well as the performance into account. Download the Excel Template /Format of Pp & Ppk from the below link.

DOWNLOAD Excel Template/Format of Pp & Ppk calculation with Example.

How to use the Pp & Ppk Excel Format in your process to calculate the index value?

1: Download the Template/ Format from the above links.

2: Read the note mentioned in the Excel template.

3: Only the yellow colour box (mentioned in format) is changeable and other values will calculate automatically.

The formula of Pp (Process Performance):

Pp = ((USL-LSL)/ (6 X S))

[Where USL=Upper specification limit, LSL=Lower specification limit and S= Standard Deviation]

The formula of Ppk (Process Performance Index):

Ppk = Minimum of PPU or PPL

PPU= ((USL-Average of average)/ (3 X S))

PPL= ((Average of average-LSL)/ (3 X S))

Note: Pp ≥ Ppk.

Example:

Company XYZ pvt ltd is interested to know the process performance of moulding process that, how well the process is performing and satisfies the variability requirements of mould hardness. The process engineer has collected the total 100 numbers of readings considering with subgroup size 5. Readings are given below;

Sl.No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Subgroup1	63.00	61.00	65.00	62.00	65.00	63.00	65.00	64.00	63.00	65.00
Subgroup2	63.00	62.00	64.00	62.00	66.00	64.00	65.00	62.00	64.00	62.00
Subgroup3	62.00	63.00	65.00	65.00	65.00	62.00	62.00	65.00	62.00	62.00
Subgroup4	63.00	66.00	64.00	64.00	65.00	63.00	62.00	63.00	65.00	64.00
Subgroup5	64.00	65.00	63.00	63.00	65.00	62.00	62.00	62.00	62.00	62.00

11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
61.00	63.00	62.00	63.00	62.00	66.00	62.00	62.00	63.00	65.00
64.00	63.00	63.00	63.00	62.00	65.00	67.00	62.00	64.00	64.00
62.00	68.00	65.00	66.00	64.00	64.00	64.00	64.00	62.00	65.00
63.00	68.00	64.00	68.00	64.00	66.00	67.00	64.00	63.00	64.00
62.00	64.00	63.00	64.00	62.00	65.00	62.00	65.00	62.00	63.00

Characteristics	Mould Hardness
Process:	Moulding Process

USL	70
LSL	60
Pp	1.06
Ppk	0.8

In the above example, the value of Ppk (0.8) is indicating that the process needs further improvement. The start-up process requires at least 1.33 and next to 1.67 and 2 onward.

QA/QC/TQM/Lean/6-Sigma Template or Format: